IP68 vs. IP69 – Differences and Applications
The IP (Ingress Protection) enclosure system uses a 2-digit suffix to describe the degree of ingress protection for enclosures. IP68 provides protection against extended immersion up to 1 meter, whereas…
Engineering
Sarah DeGuzman Eccentric Load – Definition & Mechanics, Examples, Footings
An eccentric load is one that acts on a structural member at any point other than the member’s centroid. In this article, we will review the definition and mechanics of…
David Etukudo Placing a Dowel Rebar into Existing Concrete
Dowel rebar is frequently employed in new construction projects and rehabilitation ones like slab replacement. Certain applications require the addition of a dowel rebar into existing concrete. You must understand…
Michael Satti Pipeline Header – Purpose, Design, and Calculation
A pipeline header connects flowlines from several different sources into a single gathering line. In this article, you will learn the purpose of a pipeline header, important factors in its…
Equivalent Fluid Pressure – Background, Calculation, and Design
Equivalent fluid pressure (EFP) is a simplification of the lateral loading that the soil exerts on an earth-retaining wall. Moreover, the equivalent fluid refers to a hypothetical fluid, having a…
Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking
Hydrogen induced stress cracking refers to cracking in steel due to the buildup of hydrogen molecules in its microstructure. In this article, you will learn more about hydrogen induced stress…
Ordinate Dimensioning
Ordinate dimensioning refers to measuring elements on a drawing according to their perpendicular distance from a fixed point or “datum”. This is one of the methods of dimensioning in design,…
Propane vs Butane
Propane and butane are both forms of gases that are popular as fuel for commercial and residential use. This is largely because they are clean sources of energy compared to…
Butt Weld vs Socket Weld
During the construction of various structures, there are different methods of interfacing pipe flanges, fittings, and other connecting parts. Out of these methods, using a butt weld or socket weld…
Hydraulic Conductivity
Hydraulic conductivity is an important concept in the fields of hydrology and hydrogeology. Also, it is a key parameter utilized by geotechnical engineers for soil and other material analysis. In…