Shear Lug – Purpose, Types, Design Considerations, & Calculations
A shear lug refers to a steel embedment, which forms part of an anchorage that transfers lateral loads to a concrete foundation. Typically, a welder attaches it to the base…
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David Etukudo
David Etukudo Motor Rotation – Directions, Relevance, and Reversal
In a magnetic field, a coil of wire that carries current experiences a force that causes rotation. This is the governing principle of electric motors, which scientists refer to as…
PLC Cabinet – Types, Layout, Wiring, and Components
PLC is short for Programmable Logic Controller. PLC cabinet refers to the housing that contains a control system, which automates various industrial processes. In addition, the cabinet protects its components…
Running Torque – Definition, vs Holding, Prevailing, Breakway Torque
Running torque refers to the amount of torque a device needs to maintain the constant angular velocity of a rotating part once in operation. Knowing this value provides important operating…
Vortex Breaker – Formation, Effects on Flow, Design, and Applications
A vortex refers to the rotation of a fluid’s core while draining from a vessel. Moreover, engineers use vortex breakers to prevent the formation of vortices due to their effect…
Residual Pressure
Residual pressure is a concept common with water supply systems. It refers to the pressure remaining in a pipe during flow conditions. This contrasts with static pressure, which is the…
Engine Load – Definition, Calculation, vs. RPM, at Idle
An engine load determines the demand put on an engine’s capacity to produce power. Moreover, the load provides specification guidance to manufacturers as they design engines to ensure that they…
Pipe Invert Elevation
Pipe invert elevation is the vertical distance between the inside-bottom of a pipe and a given benchmark. Moreover, the term ‘invert’ stems from the resemblance of the pipe bottom to…
Gasoline Boiling Point – Blends, Pressure, and Weather Considerations
At atmospheric pressure, gasoline has an initial boiling point of 95 °F (35 °C) and a final boiling point of 395 °F (200 °C). This wide range is due to…
Isentropic
Isentropic is a term that describes a process during which the entropy of the system remains constant. In thermodynamics, isentropic refers to an idealized process, where work transfers of a…