Axial Force – Calculation and Formula, Diagram, vs Other Forces
Axial force refers to a load whose line of action runs along the length of a structure or perpendicular to the structure’s cross-section. Moreover, the line of force goes through…
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David Etukudo Material Certification – How To Read, Form 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, and 3.2
A material certificate, also known as a mill test report (MTR) or a mill test certificate (MTC), is a quality assurance document in the metals business. It validates technical parameters…
Sarah DeGuzman Cheapest Metals – From Least to Most Expensive + Indices
Often classic material characteristics such ductility, hardness, fatigue strength, and yield strength aren’t the primary driver of material selection. Sometimes, an engineer or designer simply wants the cheapest metal available….
Pipe Invert Elevation
Pipe invert elevation is the vertical distance between the inside-bottom of a pipe and a given benchmark. Moreover, the term ‘invert’ stems from the resemblance of the pipe bottom to…
Anchor Bolts – Specification and Types
Anchor bolts attach structural objects to concrete structures. In the fabrication industry, anchor bolts commonly fix equipment, structural skids, and vessels to concrete. One end of the anchor bolt embeds…
Michael Satti General Arrangement (G/A) Drawings
General Arrangement (G/A) drawings present the overall composition of a plant, skid, building, or piece of equipment. In this article you will learn the process for generating a G/A, how…
Danny Kwon This is the Best Minor to Supplement Your Engineering Degree
A student recently emailed me this question and my gut reaction was “Do what brings YOU value.” Too often, students focus on what they learned for years: make your application/resume…
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